Poland is becoming more and more prospective country for foreign entrepreneurs willing to start a business here.
The most important is to choosing the appropriate legal form for your company.
Other corporate entities:
Sole Proprietorship
This form is the easiest choice for small businesses, however the owner's liability for any kind of company's debts is unlimited.
Civil Partnership
According to Polish law this partnership is a civil contract concluded between at least two individuals or legal entities and has no legal personality. This form is not particularly liked by foreign entrepreneurs, it is most often used by small businesses.
Classification of companies by size:
Micro-entrepreneur:
As according to the art. 104 of the Act on freedom of economic activity, You are a micro-entrepreneur if you in at least one of the last two financial years fulfilled both the following conditions:
employing on average less than 10 employees,
achieving an annual net turnover from sale of goods, products and services as well as financial operations not exceeding the PLN equivalent of 2 000 000 EUR.
Small business:
You are a small business entrepreneur if you in at least one of the last two financial years fulfilled both the following conditions:
employing on average less than 50 employees,
achieving an annual net turnover from sale of goods, products and services as well as financial operations not exceeding the PLN equivalent of 10 000 000 EUR.
Medium-sized business:
You are a medium – sized business entrepreneur if you in at least one of the last two financial years has fulfilled both the following conditions:
employing on average fewer than 250 employees,
achieving an annual net turnover from sale of goods, products and services as well as financial operations not exceeding the PLN equivalent of 50 000 000 EUR.
LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY
Foreign investors usually choose this legal form.
Such a company is treated as a separate legal entity from its shareholders or sole shareholder. And LLC's shareholders are not personally responsible for the debts of the company.
According to Polish law the LLC may be incorporated by one or more person or/and entity. And holding 100% of shares by one shareholder is not prohibited.
The obligatory minimal share capital of LLC is 5,000. A minimum nominal value of PLN 50.00 for each share and contributions must be paid in cash or in kind.
Management bodies of a limited liability company:
the management board,
the general meeting of the shareholders,
the supervisory board.
When a company has more than 25 shareholders and its share capital exceeds PLN 500,000, the LLC require the supervisory board.
The management board is appointed to represent the company before third parties and deal with its matters. It can consist of one or more members (regardless of whether they are Poles or foreigners). The management board may be appointed by shareholders or third parties.
The shareholders are members of the General Meeting of the Shareholders. The resolution of the general meeting of shareholders conscripts the supervisory board and it has to consist of at least three members. According to Polish law, the supervisory board exercises permanent control over every area of the company's operations. The shareholders are not responsible for the debts or liabilities of the company. They can lose only the cash or in-kind contribution invested in taking up shares in the share capital.
What are the advantages of the LLC:
The minimum capital is low, to establish a disregarded entity you need only 5000 PLN. The minimum value of the shares can not be lower than 50 PLN, and the shares do not have to be equal. Individual shareholders acquire shares at their discretion.
The court assigns NIP and REGON numbers within a few days of registering LLC in the national court.
There is a possibility of registration LLC over the Internet - online registration is possible only for companies with standard terms of the company agreement.
Shareholders are not liable for debts of the company with their personal assets. - shareholders risk only their contributions in case of any debts. And the partners do not really have to pay LLC's debts.
Limited economic risk - Profitable for entrepreneurs who want to expand their business and run it individually.
No load ZUS - with a minimum of one shareholder in respect of shares held you do not pay ZUS.
Full accounting – gives you detailed information about the billing. You can monitor all areas from customers, payments to suppliers, salaries and settlements with the authorities.
What are disadvantages of the LLC:
Long registration procedure - The write-off of a notary agreement of LLC contribution by the shareholders contributions to the share capital company setting up a bank account, setting up bodies of the company, registering in the register of entrepreneurs (KRS), registering the company in the tax office and ZUS. After all these steps the company is fully prepared to do business.
Notarial act is the form of company agreement – all the changes in the contract require a notarial deed. Contract company over the internet is an exception.
Limited liability company is the subject of double-taxation. The entrepreneur is obliged to pay income tax (CIT). And shareholders (if they are subject to an additional income tax on natural persons (PIT)) derive from the company's income in the form of dividends.
A very precise system of recording economic events - the obligation to keep a full accounting.
An accounting company is expensive - The price of accounting services on the market is high. And running a full accounting requires reliable knowledge and time.
The company account is subject to thorough verification - All receipts and transfers from a company account must be carefully documented and private expenses from the company account are not possible.
Submitting annual financial statements is obligatory - The financial statements and the report on the operations of the neglected unit must be submitted to the registered court and the IRS.
JOINT-STOCK COMPANY / PUBLIC LIMITED COMPANY (PLC)
If you take into account the responsibility of shareholders, management bodies and taxation is very similar to that with limited liability. However, its mandatory regulations are more formalistic. This form is most often used for business planning of IPO (initial public offer), searching for PE investors (private equity) / VC (Venture capital) or when this form is required by Polish law (eg Banks, pension funds and other financial institutions).
According to Polish law, the minimum capital of a joint-stock company is PLN 100,000 and the minimum value of the shares may not be less than PLN 0.01.
According to the law specified in the Code of Commercial Companies and the statute, the General Assembly is an organ created by shareholders. Items on the agenda are determined by law. An Annual General Assembly must be established within no more than 6 months from the company's financial year.
As in the case of a limited liability company, shareholders are not responsible for the debts of the company, the only thing that they can lose is the value of their investment in shares. (eg. Cash contribution or in-kind contribution invested in taking up shares in the company's share capital). The functions and duties of the supervisory board are also the same in the case of joint-stock companies as those with limited liability.
GENERAL PARTNERSHIP
An association of at least two partners running the enterprise under its own name is a general partnership. The Partners are bound by a Partnership Agreement which defines their rights and obligations. All partners are responsible for the company's debts.
LIMITED PARTNERSHIP (LP)
In this type of company, there are two types of partners: general with unlimited liability and limited partners with limited liability to their permanent partner contributions.
LIMITED LIABILITY PARTNERSHIP (LLP)
This type of company is used to provide professional services. It brings together lawyers, tax advisors or doctors. The partner is not responsible for the partnership commitment incurred in connection with the professional activities of other partners.
PARTNERSHIP LIMITED BY SHARES
It is a relatively rare form of business. Partnership limited by shares must have at least one partner with unlimited liability (general partner) and at least one partner who is a shareholder.
HOW TO ESTABLISH AND REGISTER AN ENTITY
The most difficult task facing foreign investors wishing to operate in Poland is choosing the right legal form. A limited liability company or a joint-stock company is the most often chosen by them.
Therefore, we will focus mainly on these two forms.
Opening Procedure of the limited liability company or public limited company
1. NOTARIZE COMPANY AGREEMENT
The Polish notary must participate in the preparation and signing of the founding documents of LLC.
The notary fee for the partnership agreement may not exceed 10,000 PLN plus VAT and civil law transactions tax (0.5% of the initial capitalization of LLC). The notary also agrees to prepare a court application (form KRS-W3) required in procedure 3. The fee for a lawyer is from 5,000 to 25,000 PLN (taxes, social security, registered office and so on).
It is also possible to establish an LLC using standard affiliate articles available in the ICT system: https://ems.ms.gov.pl/. Thanks to this alternative method, a notarial deed of the company's agreement is not required. However, you must register online, which many entrepreneurs do not practice.
By means of a standard association agreement form available in the electronic system serviced by the Ministry of Justice and signed with a digital signature, a shareholder or shareholders can set up a company. The application should be considered within 24 hours, but in practice it takes several days.
Online registration is only useful for investors who want to set up standard companies, those who are looking for more complex solutions should do it in front of a notary.
2. DEPOSIT PAID-IN CAPITAL AT THE BANK
Establishing a company account is obligatory for all companies in Poland. Depending on the bank, various documents are required to open an account.
Before submitting documents to the court, the founding capital of the company must be paid in full by LLC and in the case of PLC at least in 25%
3. FILE FOR COMPANY REGISTRATION AT THE NATIONAL COURT REGISTER
The creation of a new business entity is possible through registration in the National Court Register and is related to other bodies, such as the Tax Office, the Statistical Office and the Social Insurance Institution (ZUS). Newly created companies automatically receive a tax identification number (NIP) and statistical number (REGON) within a few days of registration.
Own KRS number is given to the branch office.
The National Court Register offers online registration.
The cost of establishing an LLC is 500 PLN for registration and 100 PLN for publishing in an official gazette of the court.
4. REGISTER FOR TAXES AND VAT
Within 21 days from entering the entity in the National Court Register, the newly registered business entity will have to submit a new form (NIP-8) containing supplementary data for the head of the Tax Office.
Until the day on which the company performs for the first time a business subject to VAT, the company must register for VAT in the tax office. To do this you must provide VAT-R, confirmation of company registration in the National Court Register (KRS) and information about the address of its registered office.
If the entrepreneur intends to conduct future foreign trade activities in the European Union, he must register as an EU VAT taxpayer. Before starting commercial activities in the European Union, he must submit this application. However, it must be registered as a normal VAT taxpayer before.
VAT registration costs 170 PLN (if you want to get a VAT registration confirmation), there is no fee for registration of income tax.
5. EMPLOYEES
If you want to have employees you must:
Register with the Social Insurance Institution (Zakład Ubezpieczeń Społecznych).
Register with the National Labour Inspectorate (Państwowa Inspekcja Pracy).
There is no fee for registration.
Procedure - Sole Proprietorship
If the purpose of establishing your business is to provide self-employment, registration in the relevant city or provincial office is relatively easy.
At the beginning, it is required to submit an application for entry in the trade register (entry in the business register). To register a company, you must also select one or more categories from the business classification. It is also required to provide a REGON number and a tax number (NIP). Without a REGON number you will be blocked because it is required in many other forms.
The second step is registration in ZUS (social security), and registration of the company as a VAT payer (VAT-R) in the tax office (only if you want to be a VAT taxpayer).
Business registration by natural persons takes place in the Central Business and Information Register (CEIGD), and the CEIGD-1 form is available on the Internet (here) or in the office.
On the day of submitting the application, we can start a business. We can also specify in the application a different (later) start date.
A GUIDE FOR EMPLOYERS
The most important thing in the case of hiring employees is the adoption of the appropriate form of contract, because the form of the contract describes the employer's obligations.
The Labor Code, the Civil Code, the Act on the Social Insurance System and the Income Tax Act regulate the rules for employers.
Issues related to working time, remuneration and annual leave are regulated by the Labor Code. The basic scope of issues related to health and safety at work is also regulated by this code.
The employer’s duties:
Within seven days from the date of the insurance commitment, ie. from the date of the employment relationship, the employer is obliged to register the employee for social security. The employer’s notification about the employee, provided as a filled-in ZUA form, includes:
social security insurance (includes retirement, pension, sickness and accident insurances),
health insurance,
Labor Fund,
Guaranteed Employee Benefits Fund.
Timely payment of wages, record keeping and accounting.
Monthly billing and discharge of tax on the income of employees.
The employer is obliged to provide the employee with an examination by the occupational medicine doctor at the company's expense. Work without a valid medical certificate confirming the lack of contraindications to work in a specific place of work is prohibited.
Obligatory health and safety training. Provide an initial (and optionally related to the position) health and safety training before starting work.
Safe and healthy working conditions have to be ensured.
Keeping records in matters relating to employment as well as the personal files of all employees.
Personal protective equipment, work clothing and footwear to be used during work have to be ensured free of charge.
Work organized to ensure full use of working time, as well as high productivity and quality of work thanks to the optimal use of talents and skills of employees.
Providing help for employees to improve their professional qualifications.
Prevention of abuse and discrimination among employees.
Respecting the dignity and other personal rights and freedoms of the employee.
Formalities with hiring employees:
documents for personal records (a completed personal questionnaire signed by the employee, work certificates from previous employers),
an employment contract signed between the employer and the employee,
PIT-2 (the statement made by an employee for the purposes of calculating monthly advances on income tax). IMPORTANT: starting from 2017, a new PIT-2 form is in use,
employee training in the field of health and safety - a signed statement confirming familiarization with work regulations as well as with the provisions and principles for safety and health at work,
a valid medical certificate confirming absence of contraindications for working at the given workplace - at the expense of the employer,
consent by the employee to the processing of personal data,
a signed proof of the employee’s familiarization with the information on equal treatment for men and women,
a signed confirmation of assigning the employee with company property (eg. a car or a laptop).
In addition, an employee who is a parent (mother or father) or guardian of the child should notify the employer in writing of the intention or decision not to use the privileges associated with childcare.
Within seven days from the date of the insurance commitment, i.e. From the date of employment for printing ZUA, the employer must notify the employee about social insurance.
The formalities in case of employee dismissal
In the event of termination of the contract by the employer, the employee is entitled to full vacations in the search for a job, respectively:
2 working days if the notice period is two weeks or a month,
3 working days if the notice period is three months.
The employer can not forget about the mutual settlement of the entrusted property.
Obligations of the employer by the dismissal of the employee:
immediate provision of the employee with a work certificates,
deregistration of the employee from ZUS using the ZWUA form,
payment of the equivalent for unused leave. If the contract is terminated by notice, the employee can use his holiday entitlement during the notice period. The employer may grant leave during the notice period without the consent of the employee.
Employing an employee as well as his dismissal obliges the employer to fulfill a number of formalities. It is also important to make a choice related to the nature of the contract under which the employee is employed. This decision should not depend solely on savings, which favors civil law agreements.
Employers should remember that providing employees with a sense of security influences on the employee's attitude to work and also promotes a greater sense of attachment to the company.
STAFF EMPLOYMENT COSTS
The employer is expected to cover a lot of expenses (apart from the gross salary paid to the employee).
Employment contract
In the case of an employer who wants to employ an employee on the basis of an employment contract, the employee's payment amount is only 60% of the costs.
The employer must deduct off the employee’s gross monthly salary:
income tax advance 17% (from 1.10.2019), until 30.09.2019 the rate of 18% was in force,
various insurance contributions.
An employee whose gross monthly salary is PLN 2 250 will receive their pay less:
---------
sum of contributions for health insurance
National insurance contribution 308,48.
Contributions for health insurance 1 941,52 × 9% = 174,74 (this is calculated from the monthly gross salary [here PLN 2 250 - 308,48] less social insurance),
advance payment for income tax 18% (PIT4): 133 (this is calculated from the monthly gross salary [here PLN 2 250], tax deductible costs [here PLN 111,25], tax-free allowance [here PLN 556,02 for a year, divide into 12 months, i.e. PLN 46.33] and Contributions for health insurance [here 1 941,52 × 7,75 % = 150,47]
2 250 - 308,48 - 111,25 = 1830,27 rounded to PLN
(1 830 x 18 %) - 46,33 = 329,4 - 46,33 = 283,07
283,07 - 150,47 = 132,6 rounded to PLN, it is PLN 133
The total of contributions paid by the employee will amount to PLN 616,22.
Employee gets a salary in the amount PLN 1633,78.
The employer is obliged to cover other expenses not only the gross salary paid to the employee. 20.74% of employee's gross salary are the costs related to employment of a person under a contract of employment.
Other costs, apart from the monthly salary payments to the employee and Social Insurance Institution contributions, that the employer is obliged to cover:
employee’s medical examination conducted by the occupational health physician,
Occupational Health and Safety training,
provide safety measures and workwear (clothing and footwear),
equipping the employee’s workstation.
The increase in payroll administration costs is caused by employing each additional employee.
The formalities in case of employee dismissal
In this case the total cost of employing a person is dependent on the employee’s position:
if the fee for the task contact is the only source of employee income, the cost of the employer is the same as in the case of employment of a person under a contract of employment (gross salary + social security contributions),
if the employee is employed under a contract of employment with another employer, but his salary is lower than the minimum wage (in 2017 it is PLN 2000 per month), then the employer is obliged to pay the gross salary of that person and all social security contributions,
if the employee is employed under a contract of employment with another employer and his / her salary is higher than the minimum wage, then the other employer (the one who wants to offer a payment contract for the task) is obliged to pay public contribution to health care,
if the person employed on the basis of a payment agreement is a student under 26 years of age, there is no requirement to register them in the Social Insurance Institution. The only cost for the employer is the employee's gross salary.
Contract for specific work
This is the type of contract in which the only cost to an employer is the employee's gross salary, the contract does not involve the obligation to pay ZUS contributions, with the exception of two cases below.
The obligation to pay an insurance premium arises when an employee is employed on the basis of an employment contract and the employer who is a party to the contract also becomes a party to the work contract, or alternatively when the recipient of a specific work (being the subject of the contract) is the employer.
POSSIBLE FORMS OF TAXATION
One of the most important aspects is the choice of the form of taxation because it affects the amount of tax that will have to be paid in the future.
The choice depends on both the nature of our business and revenues.
General terms, taxation either 17% (from 1.10.2019. Until 30.09.2019 the rate of 18% was in force) or 32%, possible when the company conducts a revenue and expense ledger (KPiR).
Most profitable if:
your income does not exceed 85.000 PLN per year,
you run a business that generates a lot of costs,
you want to take advantage of privileges such as tax-free allowance or the possibility of settling your taxes together with your spouse.
Flat tax rate, the method is possible for business owners who register their documents in the book of revenues and expenses, the tax is always 19%.
In this case, no tax breaks or tax settlements made jointly with the spouse are not possible.
Most profitable if:
your annual earnings exceed 85.000 PLN per year by a large amount.
A lump sum on recorded income - taxes calculated as a percentage of your revenue.
It is not possible to lower the tax base by the costs required to run a business. The exception may be revenues earned by members of the so-called Free professions. There is no requirement to keep a book of revenues and expenses.
Taxation depends on the type of services provided by the company and amounts to approximately 2% to 20%.
The 20% tax rate applies only to income earned by natural persons as part of professional services provided by members of the professions.
The 17% tax rate applies to revenues registered by entrepreneurs from the provision of, among others, services below:
counseling for children in terms of education and social assistance,
intermediary in wholesale,
related to matters of accommodation or real estate management on behalf of a third party,
related to consultancy in the field of computer hardware and data processing,
rental and leasing of cars,
work done by temporary employment agencies, related to the provision of personnel to a third party,
work done by Travel agencies,
photographic and telecoms services.
The 10% tax rate is used for matters of disposal of property rights or real estate.
The 8.5% tax rate covers, among others, income from the rental of.
The 5.5% tax rate is applied to income earned from production activities, construction works or freight by a car fleet with a capacity of more than 2 tonnes.
The 3% tax rate is applied to revenues below:
catering business,
service activities in the field of trade,
provision of services related to animal production.
The 2% tax rate covers the sale of one’s own products.
Tax card - is a method of taxation based on a fixed amount of tax paid per month, as determined by the tax office. The factors that determine the tax value are the type and scope of activity, the number of employees and the number of inhabitants in the place where the activity is conducted.
One can change the form of taxation up until January 20th of each year.
CHOOSING THE BEST ACCOUNTANT FOR YOUR COMPANY
The need to monitor and account for the company's financial results is one of the most important aspects of running your own business. That's why choosing the right accountant is very important.
How can I choose which accountant is the best for my company?
The most important factor that an entrepreneur should pay particular attention to when deciding whether to choose or change an accountant is the level of his competence. An experienced accountant will provide us with a guarantee that is aware of all the nuances and less common aspects of accounting services. An idle accountant should, in addition to thorough knowledge of tax law, have the ability to handle taxes in practice, so as to maximize the benefits for their clients. However, even an accountant with whom you work, who is competent and provides its services in a reliable and fully correct way, does not have to use all the opportunities that your company can use. An in-depth knowledge of little-known aspects of tax law can give your company maximum profits. The best accountant should be able to provide the most complex and beneficial tax protection, not just the most common daily services.
Tax settlement got done – what’s next?
An accounting institution is often perceived in a simple, schematic way. High quality tax services are first and foremost excellent support for the company's operations. A good accountant should approach each client individually, taking into account the characteristics of the market on which the supported company operates, and adapt to the needs of the business partner. Such services can be provided only by a tax company that has excellent facilities and highly qualified staff. A professional accounting company is your business partner and as a support that brings mutual benefits. However, the activities of many entities have nothing to do with professional tax care, they are limited to the implementation of the most basic tasks assigned to them by the client.
Trust and quality come first
Trust is the most important aspect of cooperation between an entrepreneur and an accountant. The tasks faced by the accounting firm require the entrepreneur's total loyalty to the integrity and appropriate qualifications of his accountants. Accountants need to guarantee the quality of services, because the consequences of their mistakes can be very serious. Therefore, as an entrepreneur, you should bet on a reputable company that will provide you with an individual approach and will save time to track the rapid changes in tax regulations. A good accountant will also ensure the order and transparency of accounting entries and enable optimal development of the business. A professional accountant and a competent accountant is unfortunately not the same. Correct completion of the tax settlement is only a fraction of the benefits that can be achieved by working with a high-class accounting firm.
SUSPENSION OF A BUSINESS IN POLAND
The risk of losing financial liquidity is related to running a business. It may happen that your company may be in a period of low income.
Thanks to Polish legislation, you can count on certain facilities in such a situation. Instead of closing the business, you can decide to temporarily suspend operations. You have the option of discontinuing operations due to the seasonality of your business and the lack of orders that may generate sufficient profit, and therefore the lack of funds to cover fixed costs, fees and taxes. It can also be a disease, travel abroad or accidental incidents.
Who can suspend the activity?
An entrepreneur who runs a one-man business.
No employees.
A civil partnership may be suspended or suspended by one of the partners only if it is also carried out by other shareholders.
For how long you can stay in business?
The suspension must last at least one month and a maximum of 24 months. From the date indicated in the application, the period of suspension of activity begins, but not earlier than from the date of submitting the application, and lasts until the moment of requesting the business renewal.
Where and how to make the suspension of activity?
An application must be submitted to the Central Registration and Information on Economic Activity (CEIDG). CEIDG Printing-1 is also an application for entry into the register, but it involved suspension, check X in box 01.3.
Detailed information at the following link: https://prod.ceidg.gov.pl (also available in English).
What the law prohibits the suspension of activities?
Running a business and obtaining income from this source by an entrepreneur is prohibited. It also can not amortise fixed assets. Cessation of deductions made from the month following the month in which the operations were suspended. The entrepreneur, however, has the right to perform under the contract for the provision of services or work the same services that fall within the scope of services provided as part of the suspended business.
What steps an entrepreneur can take place during the suspension of activity?
Pursuant to the Act on the freedom of economic activity during the suspension of economic activity, an entrepreneur has the option of:
perform all actions necessary to maintain or secure sources of income, eg. Payment for rent, utilities,
taking receivables or payment of liabilities arising before the date of suspension of their business,
dispose of its own assets and equipment (then submits to the office of a declaration of VAT),
to participate in court proceedings, tax proceedings and administrative procedures related to the economic activities carried out prior to the suspension,
perform all duties prescribed by law, for example. Submission of annual tax return (even if the income of the company for the entire fiscal year is 0),
achieving financial revenues, including the activities carried out before the suspension of their business,
subject to fiscal control on the terms provided for entrepreneurs doing business.
How to end an activity?
In order to stop the suspension period, one must file a request to withdraw from the CEIDG-1 application. If the entrepreneur fails to submit an application to resume their business activity within 24 months, they will be removed from the business register.
Can the period of inactivity be prolonged?
In compliance with Polish regulations, it is not feasible to prolong the period of inactivity for a business. However, the entrepreneur can choose to reactivate their business and subsequently suspend it again using the CEIDG-1 application process mentioned above.
184 answers for the article "Company in Poland"
BaGruppen
Yes, please get in touch with us so we can discuss the details.
REPLY
Petros
Can I register Sp z.o.o. as a citizen of Armenia?
REPLY
Megan Roberts
What are requirements for registering a business in Poland?
REPLY
Alicia Rees
To register a business in Poland, several requirements must be fulfilled. These include choosing a legal structure, such as a sole proprietorship or a limited liability company (LLC), providing a registered address, preparing articles of association for LLCs, appointing company directors or partners, obtaining necessary permits or licenses for specific industries, and registering the business with the appropriate authorities. The registration process involves submitting required documents, paying registration fees, and obtaining a tax identification number. It's crucial to adhere to legal and administrative procedures and seek professional advice to ensure a smooth and successful registration.
Arya Reid
Can anyone tell me challenges of doing business in Poland?
REPLY
Isabelle Read
Certainly. Doing business in Poland can present several challenges. Navigating complex bureaucratic procedures, understanding and complying with local regulations, managing language barriers, adapting to cultural differences, facing competition from established local businesses, and dealing with potential changes in economic conditions are among the challenges that businesses might encounter in Poland. Additionally, finding the right partners, understanding tax and legal frameworks, and addressing infrastructure limitations could also pose difficulties. It's important to conduct thorough research and seek local expertise to overcome these challenges successfully.
Sophia Jones
What are types of businesses in Poland?
REPLY
June Young
Poland has a diverse range of businesses across various sectors. Some prominent types of businesses in Poland include manufacturing, agriculture, technology, automotive, retail, hospitality, financial services, healthcare, renewable energy, and outsourcing. These sectors reflect Poland's growing economy and offer opportunities for both domestic and international entrepreneurs.
Max Cole
where find Employees in Poland?
Daniel Carr
How do trade regulations in Poland impact import and export activities for both local and foreign companies?
REPLY
Sofia Fletcher
Trade regulations in Poland have a significant impact on both local and foreign companies engaged in import and export activities. These regulations dictate customs procedures, tariffs, documentation requirements, and compliance standards that businesses must adhere to when moving goods across borders. For local companies, trade regulations ensure fair competition and product safety. Foreign companies must navigate these regulations to access the Polish market effectively and to ensure smooth cross-border trade operations.
Kai Ball
What are popular industries for Business in Poland?
REPLY
Hassan Jacobson
Popular industries for business in Poland include manufacturing, automotive, information technology, electronics, renewable energy, food processing, tourism, and outsourcing services. These sectors have shown growth and investment opportunities in the Polish market.
David Dixon
Can you give me some advices for doing business in Poland?
REPLY
Jude Barker
When doing business in Poland, consider these key pieces of advice: Understand Polish business culture, collaborate with local partners, ensure legal compliance, build networks, learn basic Polish, be patient in relationships, adapt to local preferences, conduct thorough research, maintain professionalism, customize offerings, navigate bureaucracy, manage currencies and payments, leverage local expertise, hone negotiation skills, and prioritize long-term relationships. Following these recommendations will help you navigate the business landscape in Poland more effectively.
Mason Ellis
What potential risks or uncertainties should businesses be mindful of in the current economic and business environment in Poland?
REPLY
Amber Chapman
Businesses should be mindful of several potential risks and uncertainties in the current economic and business environment in Poland. These include regulatory changes, bureaucratic processes, fluctuating economic conditions, currency exchange rate fluctuations, competition from local and international players, labor market challenges, and the potential impact of global events on trade and investment. Adapting to these factors and staying informed about market trends is essential for navigating the business landscape effectively.
Zara Ryan
Could you provide an overview of the tax system in Poland, including the different types of taxes imposed?
REPLY
Amara Valentine
The tax system in Poland consists of several types of taxes. These include:
Personal Income Tax (PIT): Levied on individuals' income, with progressive rates ranging from 0% to 32% based on income levels.
Corporate Income Tax (CIT): Imposed on the profits of businesses at a flat rate of 19%, with some exceptions and incentives.
Value Added Tax (VAT): Applied to the sale of goods and services, with standard rates of 23%, reduced rates of 8% and 5%, and exemptions for specific items.
Social Security Contributions: Paid by employees and employers to fund social benefits, including healthcare and pensions.
Property Tax: Levied on real estate properties, typically at the municipal level.
Excise Duties: Imposed on certain goods like alcohol, tobacco, and energy products.
Customs Duties: Applied to goods imported into Poland from non-EU countries.
Real Estate Transfer Tax: Levied when property ownership is transferred.
Vehicle Tax: Applicable to vehicles registered in Poland.
Local Taxes: Vary by municipality and can include fees related to waste disposal, roads, and public services.
Ryland Sykes
Can somebody tell me some about Polish legal system for businesses?
REPLY
Adam Moss
The Polish legal system for businesses is based on civil law principles and regulations. It includes the Commercial Companies Code, which governs various types of business entities such as limited liability companies and joint-stock companies. The legal framework also covers aspects related to contracts, taxation, intellectual property, labor law, and competition law. When establishing and operating a business in Poland, it's important to adhere to registration procedures, comply with local regulations, and seek legal advice to navigate the legal landscape effectively.
Max Willis
What challenges or obstacles might foreign entrepreneurs face when trying to tap into business opportunities in Poland?
REPLY
Luke Smith
Foreign entrepreneurs trying to tap into business opportunities in Poland might face challenges such as navigating unfamiliar regulations, cultural differences in business practices, language barriers, understanding local market dynamics, building trust with local partners, and adapting to local consumer preferences. Additionally, competition from established local businesses and economic fluctuations could impact their success.
Layla
How has modern technology and digital communication impacted the dynamics of business relationships in Poland?
REPLY
Harry Rogers
Modern technology and digital communication have significantly impacted business relationships in Poland by enabling faster and more efficient communication, remote collaborations, and access to a global market. Tools like video conferencing, email, and social media platforms have bridged geographical gaps and facilitated smoother interactions. However, while technology has enhanced connectivity, understanding and respecting cultural norms in communication remains crucial for building successful business relationships in Poland.
Tom Clarke
Can deduct from tax in Poland also apply to expenses incurred in other countries, such as business travel or education?
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Anna Carr
Yes, deductions from tax in Poland can apply to certain expenses incurred in other countries, such as business travel or education, as long as these expenses meet the eligibility criteria specified by Polish tax laws. It's important to review the specific regulations and requirements to ensure that the expenses incurred abroad are eligible for deduction and to provide appropriate documentation to support the claims.
Ellie Burke
How does the process for renewing a work permit in Poland compare to the initial application?
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Leo Murphy
Hi, renewing a work permit in Poland generally involves less documentation and administrative steps compared to the initial application. While the basic requirements remain similar, such as valid contract and a sponsoring employer, renewals often require fewer proofs of qualification and fewer background checks. However, maintaining a clean record during your previous work period is crucial for a smooth renewal process. It's essential to apply for renewal well in advance before the current permit expires to ensure continuous legal contract in Poland.
Soren Curry
How to check reliability business partner in Poland?
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Emilia Johnston
To check the reliability of a business partner in Poland, you should verify their company registration in the National Court Register or Central Statistical Office database. Review financial statements, obtain credit reports, and seek references. Conduct online research for any red flags, legal issues, or bankruptcy filings. If possible, visit the company's office. Use professional networks, and consider background checks on key individuals. Consulting a legal advisor can also provide valuable insights.
Louie Chambers
why poland is worth investing?
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Dylan Holmes
Poland's investment appeal is driven by its strategic European crossroads location, consistent economic growth, skilled yet cost-effective workforce, EU membership advantages, government support, modern infrastructure, growing consumer market, innovation focus, and political stability. This collective advantage makes Poland an alluring investment choice in Europe.
Arthur Wells
How does integrating company car in a business in Poland contribute to your overall strategy, and what advantages does it offer?
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Amelia Fletcher
Integrating company cars into a business strategy in Poland can enhance operational efficiency, employee satisfaction, and brand image. Having dedicated vehicles can streamline transportation logistics, increase employee mobility, and improve customer service. Additionally, providing company cars can attract and retain talent, boosting morale and loyalty. This approach can also project professionalism, enhancing the business's reputation.
Rose Willis
Hi! what information should contain invoice in Poland?
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Jenna Hahn
An invoice in Poland should include the seller's name, legal address, and Tax Identification Number (NIP), along with the buyer's name, legal address, and NIP if applicable. It must have an invoice date and a unique invoice number, a description of the goods/services, quantities, unit prices, and total amounts. The total invoice amount, payment terms, due date, and bank account details should be provided. Indicate the VAT rate per item, total VAT amount, and VAT identification number if applicable. Specify the currency, any discounts or deductions, shipping details, and sales terms. Refer to relevant contracts, agreements, and provide the authorized person's name, signature, and date. Comply with Polish Tax Office and EU VAT Directive rules to avoid penalties. When uncertain, seek advice from tax or legal experts.
Sheldon Brooks
what you need to know before starting a business in poland?
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Eva Hart
Hello. Before starting a business in Poland, you need to be aware of the legal requirements for registration, tax obligations, permits/licenses, market research, and understanding the local business culture.
Josh Martin
why business in Poland?
Hannah Butler
Hey, I'm thinking of starting a business in Poland. Any insights on the different legal forms of business in poland?
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Leah Berry
Sure thing! You've got options like sole proprietorship with personal liability, partnerships which share responsibilities, limited liability companies for more protection, joint-stock companies with shares, and even cooperatives for a community approach. If you're foreign, there's branch and representative offices too. Consider liability, taxes, and your goals!
Hannah Butler
Thanks! I'll definitely consider those factors and maybe consult a professional before deciding.
Hannah Butler
Thanks! I'll definitely consider those factors and maybe consult a professional before deciding.
Grace Gibson
Hello! I'm planning to hire employees for my company in Poland. Can you explain the contributions for an employee Poland I need to make for them?
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Sonia
When hiring employees in Poland, you'll need to contribute to their social security and health insurance. The main contributions are the Social Insurance Institution (ZUS) payments, which include pension, disability, sickness, and accident insurance. These are shared between the employer and employee. Additionally, you'll deduct and remit income tax from their salaries.
Max Johnston
What do I need to know about opening a bank account for company Poland?
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Alexander Green
To open a bank account for your company in Poland, you'll need your company's registration documents, identification documents of company representatives, and your company's tax identification number (NIP). Different banks might have specific requirements, so check with a few banks to find the best fit. Having a business plan and information about your expected transactions can also be helpful. Once you have all the necessary documents, visit the bank to start the account opening process.
Eliza Simpson
Hey, I'm in the process of registering a company in Poland. Could you explain what a PKD code Poland is and how I can find the right one for my business?
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Charlotte Murray
The PKD code, or Polska Klasyfikacja Działalności (Polish Classification of Activities), is a system that categorizes different types of economic activities. It's crucial for company registration and statistics. To find the right code for your business, explore the official PKD code directory. Think about your main business activities and find the corresponding code. It helps authorities understand your business better.
Naomi Gibson
I've been thinking about establishing a company in Poland. Can you give me some information about the permits I need to get started?
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Stanley Hawkins
For an LLC, start by reserving a name and drafting articles of association. Submit them to the National Court Register. Industry-specific permits might be necessary too. Get a tax ID number (NIP) and consider VAT registration. Deal with KRS for registration, tax office for NIP and VAT, and local authorities for permits. The process takes weeks to months, so plan ahead. Need more help? Just ask! Good luck with your new Polish venture!
Courtney Fox
Hey, I've been thinking about starting a company in Poland, but I'm not sure where to begin. Do you know if there's any assistance available for setting up a business there?
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Zac Butler
One option is to seek guidance from business consulting firms. They can provide expert advice on everything from legal structures to tax implications and help you understand the specific requirements for your industry.
Andrew Walsh
How quickly you can open a business in Poland?
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Georgia Stevens
he speed at which you can open a business in Poland varies based on factors such as the legal structure, required permits, and the complexity of your business. It generally takes several weeks to a few months to complete the necessary steps for registration and approvals.
Liam
I've been thinking about starting a business in Poland. Do you know what the Obligations of an entrepreneur in Poland are here?
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Nixon Burnett
Absolutely, starting a business is exciting, but it's important to be aware of the responsibilities that come with it. Entrepreneurs in Poland have several obligations they need to fulfill.
Liam
What are some of the main obligations that I should know about?
Nixon Burnett
Well, first and foremost, you'll need to register your business with the appropriate authorities. This includes obtaining an entry in the Central Register and Information on Economic Activity (CEIDG) or the National Court Register (KRS), depending on the legal form of your business.
Maddison Stone
Hey, I was reading about Poland's social security system, and I came across something called ZUS in Poland Do you know what that is and what it does?
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Alissa Valenzuela
ZUS stands for "Zakład Ubezpieczeń Społecznych," which translates to the Social Insurance Institution in English. It plays a crucial role in Poland's social security system.
Joseph Allen
Hey, do you know if can a foreigner open a company in Poland? I'm considering starting a business there.
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Abbie Fisher
Absolutely, foreigners can indeed open a company in Poland. The process is generally straightforward, though there are a few legal requirements and formalities to consider.
Joseph Allen
Oh, that's great to hear! What kind of companies can a foreigner set up?
Abbie Fisher
You can set up various types of companies, like a limited liability company (Sp. z o.o.), a joint-stock company (S.A.), or even function as a sole trader. The most common choice for foreigners is the limited liability company, mainly because of its simpler structure and lower capital requirements.
Alice Ravn
I like Poland very much amazing country, lots of greenery, people kind a lot of places to visit.
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Steffen
I agree.
Alice Ravn
:)
Nelly Ditlevsen
I really liked Warsaw.
Hjalte Schou
It pays to open a business in Poland?
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Mirosław Sobon
Yes, it can definitely pay to open a business in Poland. Poland has a vibrant economy with a wealth of opportunities for entrepreneurs. It has a relatively low cost of living, a highly educated and skilled workforce, a large consumer market, and a favorable business climate. Additionally, Poland offers numerous tax incentives and other support to businesses that are looking to invest in the country. Hope i helped you if you have any questions write.
Thiago Hubbard
Hello what are sole proprietorship costs Poland?
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Lidia444
Costs of a sole proprietorship can range from 1000 to 5000 pln. This includes costs such as registering the business and setting up a business bank account.
Thiago Hubbard
hmm not so much i thought. Good. :)
Thora Juhl
Can someone tell me how to open a polish company by internet ? is that possible?
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Andrzej Krych
First step is go to the offical website of KRS and register an online account. This will allow you search for companies registered in Poland and access their information. Once you have chosen a company to open, you will need to fill out the necessary documents. :)
Thora Juhl
What is KRS?
Andrzej Krych
National Court Register. :)
David94322
Will it be a good choice to start with economic activity in Poland?
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Kacper88
yes it can be a good choice. Poland has a strong economy and a relatively low cost of doing business.
Rebecca Allen
Hey, what does CEIDG in Poland mean?
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Gustav744
CEIDG it is a register of businesses that operate within the country, and it is maintained by the Ministry of Economy.
Magnus5
Hi, are there any useful sites for an entrepreneur in Poland?
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Eleanor222
There are several useful websites for entrepreneurs in Poland, such as the Polish Investment and Trade Agency (PAIH), the Polish Agency for Enterprise Development (PARP), and the Warsaw Stock Exchange (WSE).
Magnus5
Thank you, good to know them. :)
Malin Persson
Hello all, i have small question.
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Grzegorz523
Malin, what is your question, because i dont think you finished it. :)
Malin Persson
Oh yeah... the message got sent even before i finished writing it. well what i mean is: how to check KRS Poland?
Nathalie Lindstrom
To check the KRS(National Court Register) in Poland, you can visit the website of the Ministry of Justice: https://www.gov.pl/web/justice. One the homepage, you can find a link to the KRS search page, which will allow you to search for company information by name, NIP number, or REGON number. You can also search through the KRS in English, by clicking the 'English' tab at the top of the page.
Malin Persson
I cant find krs search page can you link me it?
Nathalie Lindstrom
sure, here is a link: https://ekrs.ms.gov.pl/web/wyszukiwarka-krs/strona-glowna/index.html
Malin Persson
Thanks!
Daniel Hester
KRS Poland? its like ZUS or what?
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Rodrigo Pratt
Polish business laws and regulations seens difficult, is that true?
Elvin Sparv
How to start a sole proprietorship company in Poland ? I haven't been on the topic long enough maybe something has changed.
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Kacper Drabek
Hi Elvin, starting a sole proprietorship company in Poland is a relatively straightforward process. It involves registering your company with the Polish Central Statistical Office (GUS) and then obtaining a Tax Identification Number (NIP) from the Polish Tax Office.
Elvin Sparv
You write about obtaining a tax number - how to obtain a tax number in Poland?
Scarlette Stanton
can anyone tell me slowly how to start a company in Poland step by step?
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Julia744
-Choose a Legal Structure: The most popular legal structures for companies in Poland are the Limited Liability Company (LLC) and the Joint Stock Company (JSC).
-Prepare the Required Documentation: You will need to prepare a series of documents, such as the Articles of Association, statutes, business plan, and a list of shareholders.
-Register the Company: Once you have all the required documents, you can submit them to the relevant authorities in Poland. This process can take several weeks.
- Open a Bank Account: Once the company is registered, you will need to open a bank account for the company. You will also need to get a Tax Identification Number (NIP) from the Tax Office.
-Obtain Necessary Licenses: Depending on the type of business you are running, you may need to obtain additional licenses or permits from the local authorities.
-Set Up a Business Premises: You will need to find a suitable business premises for your company. This could be a shared office, a shop, or a warehouse.
-Hire Employees: You will need to hire employees to work for your company. You will need to provide them with contracts, health insurance, and other benefits.
Stina Hansen
Many thanks to the bagrupp company. im satisfied with their service, always on time!
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Bagrupp
We are very happy to hear that. :)
Maleah Mckenzie
Once starting a business in Belgium i had a problem, i want to open a business in Poland, but first i need a consulting for companies in Poland. I want to discuss everything thorougly then i think about it.
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Eve Barker
I invite you to discuss what we can help with? :)
Jasiah Livingston
Enterprise in Poland is very fascinating. I have always analyzed the Polish market, something amazing.
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Adam
I confirm.. ;)
Ragnar Anderberg
Hello, previously i had trouble finding documents i have them now, but now someone can help me open a business in Poland? I will be grateful to him, unfortunately i do not speak Polish only English, so it would be good if you speak English or Swedish. :)
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Michalina76
Ragnar, i will help you gladly i am Polish, but i speak English, feel free to contact me.
Jacek4
Hmmm, you don't know Polish but you want to live and run a business in Poland? That's a bit strange. no?
Ragnar Anderberg
Yes it's true i dont know Polisj, but im going to learn it, because i cant imagine working and living in a country where you dont even know the basics language in the country. :D
Michalina76
Good to hear that. Hope you will enjoy time in Poland. :)
Michalina76
By the way, what prompted you to set up your business in Poland and live there?
Ragnar Anderberg
Michalina. Culture,people and i like new challenges and it just happened to fall on Poland. We will see. ;) Greetings!
Michalina76
All clear. Thank you for reply! Good Luck.
MadeleineTT
Yooo, How many employees can i hire in Poland?
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Szymon Jakubek
MadeleineTT, All depends on the type and size of the company, you may be able to hire up to 10 employees without seeking any extra permission fro the local authorities.
Lukas Phillips
Yees... i forgot about it, thank you. Greetings
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Edvard2626
Hi, big differences are there when it comes to the cost of maintaining an employee in Poland?
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Lukas Phillips
The cost of maintaining an employee in Poland varies depending on the company's size. ;)
Ludwik Ciszewski
U forgot about type of job, how long they have been employed and the cost of living in the area.
Lukas Phillips
ot was meant to answer... Yees... i forgot about it, thank you. Greetings
Ludwik Ciszewski
No problem, you will remember now. :)
Edvard2626
Thanks guys for answers. I appreciate it very much.
Tommy Holmes
I have some doubts: Is it profitable to open a company in Poland?
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Adrian Kumor
Poland is an attractive and vibrant market for business.
Tommy Holmes
Thank you for reply Adrian!
Anette Huseth
I like very much this site very good described content, cool interface. Awesome!
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Madison000
Hello, im moving out in about two weeks unfortunately can i close my business in Poland as fast as possible?
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EliannarA
Yes Of course you can close business in Poland without any troubles.
Grzegorz Kosek
EliannarA has right. :)
Anjaea
Someone can tell me what are cost of opening a company in Poland?
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Anton Sałata
the costs range grom 5k to 50k depends on type of business format.
Ulrik Barsness83
I am moving out of Poland to Belgium and my question here - can i suspend my company's activities in Poland? Will a lot of this need to be done?
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Szczepanek
Yes, you can suspend your company's activities in Poland, but a lot of this need to be done, Depending on situation, you may need to inform your local authorities, make any ncesessary changes to contracts and leases and revise company policies. You might also need to inform your employees, customers, and suppliers of the changes.
Ulrik Barsness83
Thank you for your answer!
Szczepanek
No problem. ;)
Tommy Fox
Hi, who represents the company in Poland?
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Sandra Suchocka
Hey Tommy, Company representative in Poland is the Polish Branch Manager. They are the primary point of contact for the company in Poland.
Sanna7227
What is minimum financial contribution to open a business in Poland?
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Harry
Minimum financial contribution for opening business in Poland depends on the type of business you pland to open. Generally, a company registered in Poland under the commercial companies code needs to make a minimum 5k złoty.
Theo9532
Hello im interested in register business, but but where do i register my company in Poland?
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Paweł Kubica
Theo, To register a company in Poland you will need to go to the applicable regional court. You will need to submit the applicable forms, documents, and other requirements needed to register you company.
Helen Persson66
Hi, i dont see there is answer for my question. In what form you can do business in Poland?
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Wojciech7
You can do business in Poland through a variety of forms, including private entrepreneurships, limited liability companies, general partnerships, joint stock companies and co-operatives. Hope i helped you some. Greetings.
Iselin Nerison
I have important question: is it difficult to open a company in Poland?
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Karolina8
Hi Iselin. Opening a company in Poland is not difficult. In fact. the process is fairly straightforward and can be done quickly with some basic research and preparation. The necessary steps include obtaining and appropriate permitting and registration, selecting a business form, and establishing necessary capital.
Julian Clark
Hello, what I need to open a business in Poland? i'm not long in Poland, but i have business idea with what it entails. Someone will advise?
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Valter32
Hello Julian, feel free to contact with our service department. We will help you embrace the issues with setting up a company in Poland. We look forward to seeing you.
Julian Clark
Hi, thanks for replied, but what is your website any email to contact?
Rebekka
i am also interested in cooperation. I would like to ask for some contact...
Katarina422
Hello there who can start a company in Poland? i have doubts.
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Jakub Blach
Hi, anyone over the age of 18 can start a company in Poland. The Polish government has made it easier for foreign entreprenusers to start business. :)
Katarina422
Thank you for answer Jakub.
Jakub Blach
Your welcome!
Bella Nor
Nice Jakub.
Keith
Hi everyone someone help me set up a limited liability company in Poland?
REPLY
Marzena Żuk
im ready to help you fell free to contact me.
Joar Hedberg
Learning and experience is the key.
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Roksana Jandura
Well said.
NathanaelE
Hello anyone can tell me what are pros and cons of running a company in Poland?
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Dominika694
Hi i gonna tell you pros and cons:
Pros
Low cost of production - The cos of running business in Poland is relatively low which makes it a competitive market for investmen, as well as good choice for establishing a production base,
Access to workforce - Poland has a highly educated and skilled population, making it an attractive destination for those looking qualified and reliable employees
Excellent infrastructure - Poland has a strong infrastrcuture, including advanced roads, modern airports, and reliable power and telecommunications.
Cons
Regulatory environment - Regulations in Poland can be complex and impede the process of registering and creating a business
Currency fluctuations - Poland's currency "zloty" can be subject to exchange rate fluctuations which can be affect profits
I think thats all, if you have any question feel free to write. :)
NathanaelE
Wow, thank you Dominika. Everything clearly explained.
Lisa04
Dominika can you explain what is sole proprietorship in Poland?
Dominika694
Sole proprietorship in Poland is and individual-run unincoroprated business entity that is owned and managed by one individual.
Lisa04
Thank you Dominika. I have last question - what is joint stock company in Poland?
Dominika694
A join stock company in Poland is a type of corporation in which the shareholders are allowed to hold shares of the company in different proportions.
Andre Lind
Hello my name is Andre Lind i come from Sweden, I want open a company in Poland, but first i would like to consult with a specjalist. Thank you.
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Ella62
Me too.
Ariah Spence
Which business in Poland can i open so that will be good income from it?
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Andy Harmon1
No one will give you a ready-made, you have to think for yourself.
Allan
True.
Johnyn73
I have previosuly registered a company in Poland and i can sya: Poland company register it is very easy, everything can be done online!
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Rozalia Jasko
Yeaa it is easy. ;)
Katarina Odenberg5
Maybe here i will get an answer- how long does it take to open a company in Poland?
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Dawid Topolewski
Hello, You have two options of reigstering:
- online that would take 1-5 days
-regular with notary involved that would take 2-12 weeks.
Hope i helped you.:)
Katarina Odenberg5
Thanks you Dawid for you answer! You helped me a lot. :)
Stig7
My dream is to have a Company in Poland maybe one day...
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KasiaKowalska
I hope your dream come true. Never give up. ;)
Eliza84
Great article. I have a request: i need help registering my company in Poland. I need to embrace it all. Anyone can recommend a company that deals with such things?
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Carley Stewart8522
I join the question.
BaGrupp
Hello there, registering company in Poland isnt so difficult. Please visit our page to get help. Write to us: https://bagrupp.com/#contact
SteveGardner
Hi, i am new to this topic. I would like to know how to open a company in Poland. Someone can help me?
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Krystian2
Of course, i will be happy to help you open a company in Poland, feel free to contact me. :)
MarekJurkiewicz52
I recommend Krystian2, i used his services, he does a good job.